Runoff from traffic areas can be polluted by several organic and inorganic compounds. For on-site infiltration of polluted runoff into the soil and groundwater system, a pretreatment of the runoff water is necessary, which depends on the runoff concentrations. The treatment can be performed by a vegetated topsoil or a technical decentralized stormwater treatment system. In Germany, the Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik (DIBt; German Centre of Competence for Construction) can approve decentralized systems for infiltration of runoff from traffic areas into the soil and groundwater system after passing several tests. The most important issues of the DIBt procedure are the assessment of environmental effects and the removal performance by well-defined laboratory tests. In addition, a method for the determination of the service life was developed and evaluated considering the substance removal efficiencies of dissolved heavy metals. For the determination of the risk of hydraulic failures of decentralized systems, additional field experiments are necessary. Initial results of such field monitoring programmes are available, which enable a comparison of the short-term and long-term performances of these systems.n.
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